Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology is a specialty of dentistry and pathology that emphasizes on the diagnosis and clinical management of diseases affecting the oral cavity and its associated maxillofacial structures including the jaw bones and salivary glands.

Many diseases may arise in the oral cavity including, but not limited to infectious diseases, immune-mediated conditions, developmental abnormalities, and benign or malignant neoplasms. Some diseases are unique to the oral tissues and some others may present as secondary manifestations of a background systemic disease. While diseases can be identified through a careful clinical and/or radiographic examination, definitive diagnosis frequently mandates microscopic examination of tissue. Oral pathologist is the qualified specialist who can provide such interpretation.

An oral pathologist is a dental professional who has completed a minimum of three years of post-doctoral training in an advanced program accredited by the American Dental Association and has subsequently achieved a diplomate status from the American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (ABOMP). Oral pathologists must continue their professional development and demonstrate competency through attending annual seminars and engaging in competency assurance programs.